The following is a Glossary of some common terms associated with design, construction and the practice of architecture. Additional terms related to construction can be found in dictionaries of architecture and/or construction terms in your local library.
- Architect: An individual who is specially trained and has experience in the planning and design of buildings and related facilities. They have knowledge in the coordination and supervision of the aspects of building construction. They also typically collaborate and coordinate the civil, mechanical, electrical and structural engineering disciplines, where those services are required. Architects are licensed to practice architecture by each State.
- Architecture: Traditionally, the term “architecture” has meant the total art and science of building of all man’s habitable environment, including the design disciplines involved. More recently, however, the term has come to mean only the visual, aesthetic portion of a total system of building design, which is also but separately includes planning, economic analysis, engineering, etc.
- Codes (Building): A published body of rules and regulations governing building practices, materials, and installations. These regulations are intended to protect the life, safety and welfare of building occupants and the public in general. Codes may be enforceable at the local, state and even federal level. Typical codes that apply to construction projects include; building, mechanical, plumbing, electrical, fire prevention, zoning, and accessibility.
- Contract: A legally enforceable promise or agreement between two or more parties.
- Contract Documents: These are the documents which are the basis for the contract between the Owner and the Contractor. These documents include the Agreement between Owner and Contractor, Conditions of the Contract, Drawings, specifications, addenda and other documents as may be listed in the Contract. The Contract Documents are what your Architect will provide you with to enable the construction of your project.
- Contractor: A person or entity who undertakes the responsibility for the performance of the construction work, including the provision of labor and materials, in accordance with Contract Documents and the Contract.
- Engineer: An individual who is specially trained and experienced in the practice of engineering. Engineering disciplines include structural, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, fire protection, and civil. Engineers are licensed to practice engineering by each State.
- Owner: The person or entity who is the Architect’s client and enters into an agreement with the Contractor. Also, the person who has the legal right or title to the property.
- Permit: A legal docu.ment authorizing the construction to commence, issued by the authority having jurisdiction (typically the local building department). This document must be obtained prior to the Work beginning.
- Work: The term “Work” means the construction and other services required by the Contract Documents. This includes all labor, materials, equipment and services provided by the Contractor to fulfill their obligations